Unloading. Timber piles may be unloaded by controlled roll-off. Dumping should not be permitted.
Handling. Generally treated timber piles should not be handled with timber tongs, cant hooks, peaveys, or pile chains. Piles should be handled so as to avoid puncturing or breaking through their outer treated portion. AWPA standard M4-80 permits the use of pointed tools provided that the side surfaces of the pile are not penetrated more than 1/2 in (12.7 mm). This may be difficult to control.
Treated timber piles should not be dragged along the ground.
Storage. Timber piles in storage for any length of time should be on adequate blocking and supported to avoid permanent bends. Piles should be stacked on treated or nondecaying material and with an air space beneath them. Storage areas should be free of debris, decayed wood, and dry vegetation (this presents a fire hazard) and should have sufficient drainage to prevent the piles from lying in water.
Precast Piles
Unloading. Precast piles should be unloaded by lifting them in a horizontal position. Dumping or rolling off the precast piles should not be permitted.
Handling. Precast piles should be handled with proper slings attached to designated pickup points or inserts. Impact loads should be avoided.
Storage. If precast piles are stored on blocking, it should be placed at designated support points to avoid overstressing and cracking the piles.
Steel Pipe and Tube Piles
Unloading. Controlled dumping or roll-off unloading of pipe or tube piles may be permitted.
Handling. Sufficient pickup points should be used to avoid bends in pipe or tube piles. A closed-end pile should not be dragged along the ground with the open end first.
Steel H Piles
Unloading. H piles should be unloaded by lifting them in a horizontal position. Dumping piles should be prohibited.
Handling. H piles lifted in a horizontal position should have their webs vertical to avoid bending.
Coated H piles must be carefully handled so as to avoid damage to the coating.
Storage. H piles should be stored on adequate blocking. Nesting of piles with their flanges vertical is recommended.
Pile Shells
Unloading. Dumping of pile shells should not be permitted, but they may be roll-off unloaded.
Handling. Pile shells should be handled at all times so as to avoid permanent deformations. A closed-end shell should not be dragged along the ground with the open end first.
Storage. Pile shells should be stored out of mud or standing water. If in storage for a long period of time, shells should be protected from the elements.
Handling Cement and Concrete for Pilings
Cement
Storage. Bag cement must be stored off the ground on adequate racks and protected from the elements, especially moisture.
Concrete Aggregates
Handling. Aggregates should be handled so as to avoid breakage, segregation, and contamination.
The required gradation must be maintained.
Storage. See Concrete Production Facilities: Storage Facilities under Pile Material.
Handling Reinforcement
Reinforcement
Handling. Reinforcing steel should be handled in bundles with appropriate lifting slings located at sufficient pickup points to avoid permanent bending. Bundles should not be broken until the steel is to be used. All necessary precautions must be taken to maintain the identification of the steel after the bundles have been broken. This can be done by keeping the steel separated according to type, size, and length with a tagged piece in each stack.
Storage. Reinforcing steel should be stored off the ground on suitable racks or blocking so as to avoid permanent bends. The steel should be stored so as to prevent excessive rusting and contamination by dirt, grease, or other bond-breaking coatings.
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